A hand pump is a manually operated mechanical device used to draw water from wells, boreholes, or underground reservoirs. It typically consists of a handle, piston or plunger, and a pipe system that creates suction to lift water to the surface. Hand pumps are widely used in rural and remote areas where access to electricity or motorized pumps is limited.

They are durable, low-maintenance, and cost-effective solutions for accessing clean drinking water. Common types include the India Mark II, Afridev, and Shallow Well Hand Pump, each designed for specific depths and community needs.

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